Two complementary measurement frameworks often confused or conflated. KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) track the ongoing health of a function — revenue per customer, churn rate, p99 latency — and answer the question "are we still healthy?" OKRs (Objectives and Key Results), popularized at Intel and Google by Andy Grove and John Doerr, are time-bounded goals designed to drive change — they answer "what are we trying to achieve this quarter?" A mature organization runs both: KPIs as the dashboard, OKRs as the steering wheel.
